In the short term, the declining price of oil could mitigate the effects of a stronger U.S. dollar. Declining Treasury yields have eased investors’ concerns about energy supply. However, the U.S. dollar has appreciated against a group of peer currencies over the last few weeks, and it is expected that U.S. yields will continue to increase.

The euro has fewer near-term catalysts. The European Central Bank raised rates in July. However, some officials recently said not to read too much into energy price increases and that they don’t necessarily call for larger rate increases. Falling energy prices should ease inflation, which supports the case for no further rate increases.

There is more support for the British pound. The Bank of England kept rates at 3.75% last week, but said it could increase rates if the disruption in the energy supply from the Middle East continues. Three months’ worth of inflation swaps, which reflect market expectations for future interest rates, show a 65% probability of a rate increase in November and indicate that the bank could increase rates by an additional 1.25 percentage points by the end of 2027. Other recent economic data supported the case for higher interest rates. August’s retail sales grew and July’s GDP growth was greater than expected.

Fundamental bias: I am neutral to slightly bullish on the British pound and euro against the dollar.