The end of 2024 is coming up fast. Have you seen the results you’ve wanted on your fitness journey? If you’ve been exercising but seeing limited results, there’s a chance some of your habits are holding you back. A few simple changes can help you avoid weight cycling, which is when you gain weight right after losing it, and begin promoting healthy habits that you’ll be able to rely on for a lifetime. 

Don’t forget that weight doesn’t determine your health. You should always check with your doctor to discuss other aspects of your wellness that you can focus on instead of weight loss.

Here are the top pitfalls you should avoid to help improve your chances of success. They’re not as big of a change as you might think.

1. Stop thinking in the short term

Everything on this list is somewhat of a hard truth, but this is often the hardest to accept (and change). If you approach weight loss with a short-term attitude, you may not make it anywhere except on the yo-yo diet train. 

Without a long-term approach to weight loss, you may lose 10 or more pounds in two weeks and then suffer a rebound when you discover that regimen wasn’t working for you. This is all too common when people embark on strict diets such as keto or paleo or fad diets that promise rapid weight loss. In reality, for most people, a well-balanced diet that includes all food groups and even some treats works best in the long run. 

Part of successful, sustainable weight loss — losing the weight and keeping it off for good — is understanding that fad diets, excessive exercise and “detoxes” don’t usually work. They last only as long as your willpower lasts, and I’m willing to bet that’s not more than two weeks to a couple of months. 

There are no quick fixes, miracle cures or magic pills when it comes to weight loss, despite what the wellness industry might have you believe: Losing weight requires dedication to a plan that supports long-term healthy habits. 

The general recommendation for weight loss is a rate of 1 to 2 pounds per week, although initial weight loss might surpass that for people who are very overweight, and then slow down to the suggested one to 2 pounds per week. Studies have shown this to be an effective way to lose weight without losing too much water or lean tissue — and to avoid a rebound. 

2. An all-or-nothing mindset could be harmful

Many people who struggle with a short-term attitude also struggle with an all-or-nothing mindset. I began my health and fitness journey with this mindset. I cut out all processed foods: no bread, no pasta, no milk, no cheese and no individually wrapped snacks. I basically existed on chicken, vegetables and berries. 

This was great until it wasn’t, and I ended up on a CVS run for all the chocolate and Goldfish I could hold in two hands. Then, because I’d “ruined” my diet, I would eat as much as I could physically handle, because, “Why not? I already ruined it.” 

Then I’d feel bad about the snacks I ate and return to my overly restrictive regimen the next day. This is a destructive cycle to be in, but it’s something I see all the time with personal training clients. An all-or-nothing mindset can keep you in a perpetual cycle of lose-gain-lose, not to mention shame and guilt around food. 

This all-or-nothing concept applies to fitness, too: If you’ve been doing the most effective workouts to get in shape in the least amount of time left and right but don’t feel fitter or stronger, you might be doing too much. Toning it down could — counterintuitively — be the answer to improving your fitness (and playing the long game). 

3. A stronger support system could do the trick

Supportive friends, family members and significant others are critical to successful weight loss. If I was asked to cite the most common reason for not sticking to a healthy diet from my past personal training clients, I would say stigma. 

That’s right. As silly as it sounds, people really do get made fun of for eating healthy, especially in regions where food is an integral part of the culture. Growing up in southern Louisiana near New Orleans, I experienced this very often when I decided I was making changes to my diet.

At family gatherings and social outings, I’d get comments like, “That’s all you’re eating?” or, “You’re really not going to eat any dessert?” or, laden with sarcasm, “Next time we’ll have a salad potluck.”

It’s not fun to be ridiculed or scoffed at, especially for things you care about (like your health!), so it can be very easy to fall into a trap of eating — and drinking — for the sake of your social life. This is why a solid support system is key to long-term weight loss. Without it, the journey can feel lonely and intimidating. 

If you currently feel you lack a support system, try having open conversations with your friends, family and partner about it. You can make it clear that they don’t have to change their eating habits if they don’t want to, but that your health means a lot to you and you’d appreciate it if they didn’t mock or downplay your hard work. 

If an IRL support system isn’t working out, turn to online communities that promote both health and body positivity. I really love Flex and Flow on Instagram, Health At Every Size and the Intuitive Eating Community. These communities emphasize health without emphasizing weight, which is helpful because when you focus on health outcomes, you’ll reach your happy weight with ease. Reddit also has a great forum (/r/loseit) where you’ll find lots of real-life stories about weight loss. 

4. Exercise doesn’t always conquer all

If you’re at all attuned to the wellness industry, you’ll know this saying: “Abs are made in the kitchen, not the gym.” Even if your goals don’t include a shredded stomach, the adage is still relevant. You just can’t out-exercise a poor diet. 

Exercise should be part of your overall approach to weight loss because it’s proven to aid weight loss (not to mention its long list of other health benefits), but it’s difficult to lose weight from exercise alone. Many people overestimate the number of calories they can burn from their workouts; it’s typically a lot less than you think, and far less than the calories your body burns at rest during the day just maintaining your current physique. 

For example, a 154-pound man will burn fewer than 450 calories during an intense, hourlong weight-lifting workout. You can easily cancel that effort out if you don’t pay any attention to your diet. The exact number of calories you burn during exercise depends on many factors, including your current weight, the intensity of the activity, the length of the workout, your age and your body composition.

Plus, focusing on only exercise can lead to a destructive cycle of exercising extra to burn off calories you feel you shouldn’t have eaten. Or you may end up feeling like you need to “earn” your calories through exercise. Either way, taking this approach can lead to a strained relationship with food and exercise, as well as stalled weight loss. 

Some people, such as those who have spent years putting on muscle mass, can eat lots of calorie-dense food and not gain weight because muscle burns more calories at rest. Even if you can eat whatever you want and lose or maintain your weight, that doesn’t mean it’s healthy for you. 

A diet rich in fruit, vegetables, healthy fats, lean proteins and some whole grains will serve you best in terms of sustainable weight loss and health. Combined with a consistent exercise routine, you’ll experience sustained weight loss and weight maintenance once you reach your goal weight.

5. Sleep more, lower stress and eat better

Losing weight will be much harder if you’re chronically stressed, sleep-deprived or overworked. This scenario may sound familiar to you: 

• You wake up motivated and ready to seize the day. You have plans for a post-work interval run and your healthy, prepped dinner is waiting in the fridge for you.
• A few hours into the day, your lack of sleep catches up with you. You reach for the afternoon coffee. 
• By the time work is over, you’re way too drained to go for that run. You decide to skip it. 
• You’re tired and maybe a little stressed or moody, so you nix the healthy dinner and hit a drive-through instead — because you want comfort food.

This is OK if it happens occasionally (everyone deserves a lazy evening every once in a while), but weight loss will seem impossible if this happens all the time.

The truth is that nutrition and exercise are only two components of a healthy life that can lead to weight loss. While important, too strong of a focus on nutrition and exercise can cause you to overlook other factors that are just as important: sleep and stress management. 

6. Supplements can’t do all the heavy lifting

I hate to be the bearer of bad news, but that fat burner supplement in your medicine cabinet isn’t going to do the work for you. Certain supplements may help you reach your weight loss goals, but you have to work to make your supplements work. 

For example, incorporating a daily protein shake in the mornings can help you feel fuller throughout the day, which may help keep cravings at bay. Increased protein intake can also help you build muscle, which aids in body recomposition. 

Certain weight-loss supplements do have some evidence backing them, but no supplements are proven like the method that no one wants to take: eat fewer calories than you burn. 

If keeping your skin looking healthy is a top priority, you’ve probably come across collagen supplements. Collagen is a protein naturally found in the skin, hair and nails that provides structure and support throughout the body. You might have heard that collagen supplements can help you maintain a youthful appearance — but do they really work that way?

Several studies have found that taking collagen supplements daily or adding collagen-rich foods to your diet offers several benefits and truly does help improve the health of your skin, joints, hair and bones.

Read on to learn what collagen is, where to find it and how you might benefit from collagen supplements — plus the drawbacks you should be aware of. Supplements like collagen can be helpful, but don’t forget that focusing on food sources for other vitamins and minerals is the easiest way to stay healthy.

What is collagen?

Before discussing its benefits, what is collagen? In short, collagen is the most plentiful protein in the human body and accounts for one-third of all protein. It serves as a connective building block that holds together your muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones and skin. It holds together your muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, skin and promotes healthy joints and connective tissues.

There are nearly 30 known types of collagen, but type I is the most prevalent (it exists in all connective tissue and makes up 90% of all collagen in the body). Types II, III and IV are also common and found in various parts of the body, including your joints, kidneys, ears and blood vessels.

All of this leads us to another pertinent question: What is collagen good for? Your body naturally makes collagen by combining multiple amino acids (like proline and glycine) with zinc, vitamin C and copper. As you get older, production slows and the existing collagen in your body starts to break down at a faster rate.

When that happens, you may notice your skin getting wrinklier, your tendons and ligaments becoming less flexible and your muscles shrinking. To prevent or delay these effects, some people make up for what their body has lost by eating collagen-rich foods or collagen supplements.

Adding collagen to your diet

If you’re looking to amp up your healthy collagen production, you should ensure that your diet includes foods with these essential ingredients:

• Bone broth
• Fish and shellfish
• Chicken
• Pork skin
• Eggs
• Beans
• Citrus
• Bell peppers
• Nuts

Eating a well-balanced diet with a combination of these foods is the best way to boost the collagen protein in your body. You can also consider taking collagen supplements (typically collagen powder or capsules) if you aren’t getting enough collagen from diet alone.

For best results, experts advise taking a collagen supplement one hour before working out, but always check the label and speak with your doctor before starting any new wellness routine.

Benefits of collagen

Now that we’ve covered the fundamentals, let’s explore some of the benefits of collagen supplementation.

Builds stronger bones

Bones are full of collagen, but as you get older, the protein starts to deteriorate — and so does bone health — leading to a decrease in bone strength and density. By incorporating collagen supplements into your diet, you may be able to prevent some bone loss and reduce your risk of bone-related problems, including osteoporosis and fractures.

Decreases joint pain

Collagen also works together with cartilage to keep your joints properly functioning. Over the years, as it wears down, it can lead to stiff and achy joints and put you at a higher risk for osteoarthritis. The good news is that taking collagen supplements has been found to reduce joint pain in physically active people. It may also serve as a pain reliever for people with existing joint problems.

Improves skin

Your skin also contains collagen, which gives it elasticity and hydration when you’re young. But as you mature, your skin becomes saggier and more wrinkly due to depleting collagen levels. Interestingly, studies have shown that adding more collagen to your diet can boost skin elasticity, firmness and hydration, visibly reducing the effects of aging.

Promotes healthy hair

Collagen is created with some of the same amino acids that are used to build keratin, the protein that makes up your hair. Because of this connection, there is some evidence that consuming more collagen may help with your hair health by promoting growth, reducing thinning and slowing graying.

Adds muscle mass

Muscle tissue consists of as much as 10% collagen. When the collagen in your body begins to break down, you could lose muscle mass and potentially develop a condition called sarcopenia (age-related muscle loss). Fortunately, studies have shown that taking a collagen supplement, along with increased protein intake and routine resistance exercise, may help people with sarcopenia build back muscle strength.

Drawbacks to collagen supplements

Despite these benefits, there are also a handful of drawbacks to collagen supplements that you should bear in mind before incorporating them into your routine.

They contain animal products (and sometimes, allergens)

Traditional collagen supplements, and all dietary supplements in general, are made from animal products, so they aren’t suitable if you follow a plant-based diet. There are some vegan collagen options on the market, but it’s unclear how they compare to the ones made from animal products. Similarly, if you have any food allergies, make sure to read the label on your collagen supplements thoroughly. In some cases, they may contain common allergens like fish or eggs.

Regulation is a gray area

Collagen supplements are regulated as food (not drugs) by the US Food and Drug Administration, meaning their ingredients and production aren’t monitored by an official governing body. These products aren’t subject to the same regulations and stringent approval process as pharmaceuticals, so it can be tricky to find out about the quality, purity and safety of the ingredients.

Effectiveness studies are limited

Although there have been studies about the effectiveness of collagen (many of which we’ve cited above), more research needs to be done. Also, some of the existing studies have been funded by companies that produce collagen supplements, which may raise ethical questions about bias.

Similar supplements to collagen

It’s difficult to find other supplements that replicate the effects of collagen because its amino acid makeup is different from other proteins. You could try boosting your intake of glycine and proline, the key amino acids that are involved in creating collagen. They’re most often found in protein-rich foods like meat and poultry, but they’re also available in supplement form.

If you’re most interested in how collagen can help improve your hair, nails and skin, you could consider keratin or biotin, which typically come in the form of shampoos and salon treatments but are also sold as dietary supplements. Biotin is also found in certain foods, including legumes, egg yolks, nuts and avocados.

For more advice on supplements, here are five fitness supplements that are proven to work. Plus, check out these three alternatives to melatonin for better sleep without drowsiness the next day.