Nvidia is already the third-most-valuable company on the planet, trailing only Microsoft and Apple. It’s the undisputed leader in the production of chips essential for powering the generative artificial intelligence revolution.
Companies are throwing as much money as possible at Nvidia in order to stockpile chips in datacenters that will churn out unique images, videos, text and other content in the years ahead.
Shares of the company have surged by 65% year-to-date, just two months into the year. The gain in Nvidia shares alone this year has powered 32% of the gain in the S&P 500.
It’s a stunning achievement but for all that, shares aren’t that expensive. They’re trading at 32x forecast earnings in the next 12 months and have grown earnings at a pace never seen before at any company (in dollar terms at least). For context, companies during the dot-com era were trading at 60-100x earnings; so on that alone, shares could more than double.
What could really propel its growth further?
NVDA daily
Looking at the chart, it’s incredible (particularly as a guy who owned shares in 2011, but hasn’t since then unfortunately). It’s tempting to think that it will all come crashing down. The company is running with +75% margins right now and they don’t even manufacture their own chips. Surely someone will catch up by the end of the decade with something at least comperable to what they’re offering, right? The long history of chips shows that it’s more of a commoditized product than a moat.
Maybe. But let’s set that all aside for a minute.
Bubbles happen because of mass psychology. A mania mindset emerges as people come to grips with a world-changing idea. All the pieces are already in place for that with Nvidia and its rise from $150 at the dawn of ChatGPT to $818 now captures much of that.
But is 5x really a bubble in the company that’s clearly the leader in AI? Especially when actual earnings have matched the growth rate of the stock?
I would argue not. This could be just the beginning. Mass psychology is hard to predict but here’s the line of thinking that could lead Nvidia much higher:
Virtually all invention in the future will be via AI
Human invention is a relic. Already we’ve seen phamaceuticals that were developed via AI and it’s just the tip of the iceberg. With good data (and that might not be easy to find), generative AI can unlock the molecular mysteries of the human body and how we can enhance and heal ourselves in ways never before considered. AI is going to cure cancer and so much more.
That’s just in one field. It could do the same in materials, design, engineering, accounting, programming and many more. Within that, whoever has the largest army of chips owns those inventions. It’s the key to unlocking the future and it will be winner-take-all.
Moreover, the stakes may even be higher for governments as generative AI is tasked with weapons design, including biological, chemical and nuclear weapons along with defenses against those things. What’s that worth to the US, China, Russia, Iran and North Korea? It will become a national security priority to amass the largest bank of AI chips possible, with no cost being too high.
Finally, it will be AI designing the next generation of computer chips. Nvidia’s main task will be using its own chips to create the next generation of chips and so on. It will also use that power to design custom chips for clients, something it’s already working on.
“The chip industry is the foundation of nearly every other industry in the world,” said Jensen Huang, founder and CEO of Nvidia.
…
Now do I believe all of that will come to pass? I can certainly see some holes in that argument. Do I think that enough people will believe in that idea to create perhaps the biggest single-stock bubble in history? Enough to make Nvidia the most-valuable company in the world (it would only need to rise 50% from here)?
I think that very soon people will be screaming that same argument as Nvidia crosses $1000/share and beyond.
Robinhood revealed at the ETHDenver conference that its wallet users can now transact with Arbitrum.
The integration is expected to facilitate easier access to decentralized finance (DeFi) for non-crypto natives by reducing the complexity of layer-2 transactions.
Arbitrum, an Ethereum layer-2 network, boasts the fourth-largest decentralized finance ecosystem with almost US$3.3 billion in locked assets, according to DeFillama data.
DeFi, an application of blockchain technology that allows users to access financial services through smart contracts, is often targeted by hackers and illicit actors as they are broadly unregulated.
Last year, the industry witnessed a notable drop in DeFi hacks, according to Chainalysis.
The blockchain analytics firm reported that hackers stole 63.7% less crypto assets from DeFi platforms last year compared to 2022, but still managed to loot US$1.1 billion.
Natural gas has a positive week for the second week in a row, as it looks as if natural gas is starting to respect this area around the $1.50 level as we have risen 30 cents since then. That being said, this is a market that has a long way to go before it could be considered bullish. But it is worth watching for longer term swing traders as this could be an excellent opportunity to invest, not trade, but invest. The $2 level above will be crucial, and I think it’ll be very difficult to break above, but if we were to do so, then I think we’d probably jump quite significantly as I think there would be a certain amount of short covering on a move like that.
The main catalyst for that would probably be a winter storm, but longer term, you have to start thinking about air conditioning and of course, just the simple fact that producers won’t be producing if they’re losing money. And right now, they can’t be making much. So, with that being said, $2 is crucial. But if you have a long enough time horizon, this is a pretty strong investment. However, it should be just the portion of your portfolio, and not necessarily something that you have a huge position in. Quite frankly, natural gas is a very tough market to trade in most of the time.
Solana (SOL), which is known for its high-speed blockchain, is showcasing a remarkable breakout from a multi-month consolidation, delivering its two best performances back-to-back.
Solana $SOL breaking out of a multi-month consolidation in a big way. Booking its two best performances of the year yesterday and today.
As the 4th largest crypto, this is a bullish development on its own, but it is also an illustration of a larger theme of breadth expansion. pic.twitter.com/lYDbMLnTD5
According to market analyst Steven Strazza, this movement not only shows Solana’s growing strength but also reflects a wider expansion in the breadth of the cryptocurrency market.
SOL is more than 14% over the past 24 hours.
Solana derivates market heats up
The derivatives market for Solana has seen a notable uptick, according to the latest data from CoinGlass. Trading volumes in Solana’s futures have surged by over 58%, reaching a substantial $15.45 billion.
Open interest, which is the total number of outstanding derivative contracts that have not been settled, has also risen sharply by nearly 30%, indicating an increased commitment from traders, now at $2.24 billion.
In the options market, both volume and open interest have seen significant growth, hinting at heightened market activity and anticipation of future price movements.
Exchange data reveals Binance leading with the highest SOL futures open interest at $944.34 million, while also dominating the volume charts with a staggering $7.65 billion.
Solana shorts getting hammered
Now that Solana’s price action has heated up, the market hasn’t been without turbulence. Over various time frames, “Rekt” data—a colloquial term for the value of liquidated positions due to sudden price moves—shows significant liquidations.
In the past hour alone, $1.50 million worth of long positions (bets that prices will rise) were liquidated, compared to $432.98K in short positions (bets against the price).
Over the past 24 hours, total liquidations for Solana (SOL) traders amounted to $22.80 million.
, the innovative DeFi protocol, has witnessed an overwhelming response in its presale, amassing an impressive $9,052,991 in funds with just three days remaining before the much-anticipated listing on Uniswap.
This milestone underscores the growing interest in Pullix and its native token, $PLX, as it pioneers a hybrid exchange model that seamlessly combines the strengths of centralized and decentralized platforms.
Investor confidence in Pullix
Pullix has emerged as a frontrunner in the rapidly evolving landscape of decentralized finance (DeFi), going by the attention that its presale is attracting from investors worldwide. The presale, which commenced in 2023, has garnered nearly $9.1 million, demonstrating robust investor confidence in the project’s vision and execution.
presents a compelling opportunity for early investors to secure $PLX tokens at a price of $0.14 each. The success of the presale positions Pullix as a formidable player in the crypto trading and investment space, challenging conventional norms with its hybrid approach.
Anticipation builds for exchange listings
Pullix has strategically planned its listing events, with Uniswap being the first platform to witness the debut of the PLX token on March 4th, 2024.
This listing on a decentralized exchange aligns with Pullix’s commitment to decentralization and inclusivity within the crypto community.
Following this, a BitMart listing is scheduled for March 7th, 2024, providing traders with diverse options to access and trade the PLX token.
Investors eagerly anticipate the Uniswap listing, as it marks a significant step in Pullix’s journey to redefine the crypto trading experience. The listing events are expected to bring heightened liquidity to the PLX token, opening new avenues for traders and investors alike.
The Pullix ecosystem
The Pullix ecosystem introduces a novel concept of “Trade-to-Earn,” empowering $PLX token holders to participate in daily revenue sharing. Through a unique mechanism, a portion of the daily revenues generated by Pullix is used to purchase and burn $PLX tokens from the open market, reducing the token supply and potentially driving value.
One notable feature is the transparency offered to users, allowing them to track daily trade revenue and token burns via an intuitive dashboard. This commitment to openness is further exemplified by the decision to lock the liquidity pool for 24 months post-Uniswap launch, mitigating any concerns of potential market manipulation or instability.
Looking ahead, Pullix’s roadmap outlines ambitious plans for development within a 12-month timeframe.
Having completed the presale launch, formation, marketing campaigns, and license acquisition in 2023, the team is poised for a dynamic 2024.
The upcoming phases include completing the presale, launching PLX on decentralised exchanges, listing on centralised exchanges, beta platform launch, and the development of mobile applications for iOS and Android.
In addressing regulatory considerations, Pullix acknowledges the DeFi nature of its protocol, leading to the decision to register offshore. The company is diligently pursuing regulatory approval, with expectations set for the approval of its first license by January 19th, 2024.
Conclusion
As Pullix prepares for its imminent Uniswap listing and subsequent listing on BitMart, the crypto community eagerly awaits the unfolding chapters in the platform’s journey.
that is coming to an end in two days, innovative features, and strategic listings, Pullix stands at the forefront of the evolving landscape of decentralized finance, poised to make a lasting impact.
ECB’s Lagarde
(neutral – voter) reaffirmed her patience stance with the usual focus on wage
growth:
We are not there yet
on inflation.
We have to get to 2%
inflation sustainably.
ECB must play its
role in climate transition.
There are increasing
signs of a bottoming-out in growth and some forward-looking indicators
point to a pick-up later this year.
Wage pressures,
meanwhile, remain strong.
The current
disinflationary process is expected to continue, but the governing council
needs to be confident that it will lead us sustainably to our 2% target.
Labour cost
increases are partly buffered by profits and are not being fully passed on
to consumers.
We expect inflation
to continue slowing down, as the impact of past upward shocks fades and
tight financing conditions help to push down inflation.
Our restrictive
monetary policy stance, the ensuing strong decline in headline inflation,
and firmly anchored longer-term inflation expectations act as a safeguard
against sustained wage price spiral.
ECB’s Lagarde
The Japan January
CPI beat expectations although the inflation rates eased from the prior
figures:
CPI Y/Y 2.2% vs. 2.6%
prior.
Core CPI Y/Y 2.0% vs.
1.8% expected and 2.3% prior.
Core-Core CPI Y/Y 3.5% vs. 3.7% prior.
Japan Core-Core CPI YoY
Fed’s Schmid (hawk
– non voter) can be put on the top of the FOMC hawks after his comments
although he’s not a voting member this year:
No need to pre-emptively
adjust the stance of policy.
Fed should be
patient, wait for convincing evidence that inflation fight has been won.
In ‘no hurry’ to
halt the ongoing reduction in size of Fed’s balance sheet.
We are not out of
the woods yet on ‘too high’ inflation.
How much further Fed
can shrink its balance sheet ‘an open question’.
Don’t favour ‘overly
cautious’ approach to balance sheet runoff; some interest-rate volatility
should be tolerated.
Fed should minimize
its footprint in the financial system, particularly as relates to Fed’s
balance sheet.
Returning inflation
to 2% will likely require restoring balance in labour markets, moderating
wage growth.
Reducing Fed’s
balance sheet should be a priority once crisis has passed.
Large Fed balance
sheet can create unintended consequences, including on bank lending,
liquidity.
January CPI
inflation data argues for caution.
Large Fed balance
sheet can create asset-price distortions.
Bank regulators
should take tailored approach.
Silicon Valley Bank
was a bit of a canary in a coal mine.
Fed’s Discount
Window should be part of a bank’s ‘strategic stack’ funding.
it would be a
mistake to consider cryptocurrency as a currency.
Fed’s Schmid
The US January Durable
Goods Orders missed expectations:
Durable Goods Orders
M/M -6.1% vs. -4.5% expected and -0.3% prior (revised from 0.0%).
Non-defense capital
goods orders ex-air M/M 0.1% vs. 0.1% expected and -0.6% prior (revised
from 0.3%).
Ex transport M/M
-0.3% vs. 0.2% expected.
Ex defense M/M -7.3% vs. 0.5% prior.
Shipments M/M -0.9%.
US Durable Goods Orders MoM
BoE’s Ramsden (neutral –
voter) supports the current patient approach as he would like to see more
evidence that inflation is going back to their 2% target sustainably.
Key indicators of
inflation persistence remain elevated.
I support the
more-balanced outlook on risks to inflation set out in the MPC’s latest
forecast.
I am looking for
more evidence about how entrenched this persistence will be and therefore
about how long the current level of bank rate will need to be maintained.
BoE’s Ramsden
The US February Consumer Confidence missed expectations
by a big margin with negative revisions to the prior readings:
Consumer Confidence
106.7 vs. 115.0 expected and 110.9 prior (revised from 114.8).
Present situation
index 147.2 vs.154.9 prior (revised from 161.3).
Expectations 79.8 vs.
81.5 prior (revised from 83.8).
1 year Inflation 5.2% vs. 5.2% prior.
Jobs hard-to-get 13.5%
vs. 11.0% prior (revised from 9.8%).
“The decline in consumer
confidence in February interrupted a three-month rise, reflecting persistent
uncertainty about the US economy,” said Dana Peterson, Chief Economist at The
Conference Board. “The drop in confidence was broad-based, affecting all income
groups except households earning less than $15,000 and those earning more than
$125,000. Confidence deteriorated for consumers under the age of 35 and those
55 and over, whereas it improved slightly for those aged 35 to 54.”
US Consumer Confidence
Fed’s Bowman (hawk – voter) maintains her patient
stance with no fear of raising rates further if inflation progress were to
stall:
Will remain cautious
on monetary policy.
If inflation moves
sustainably to 2% goal, it will eventually be appropriate to cut interest
rates; not yet there.
Reducing policy rate
too soon could result in need for future rate hikes.
She remains willing
to raise policy rate if inflation progress stalls or reverses.
Latest inflation
data suggests slower progress on inflation.
Economic activity
and consumer spending are strong, labour market ‘tight’.
Fed’s Bowman
Reuters reported that OPEC+ may consider extending
their voluntary output cuts into Q2 or even into year-end.
OPEC
The Australian January Monthly CPI missed
expectations:
CPI Y/Y 3.4% vs.
3.6% expected and 3.4% prior.
Trimmed Mean CPI Y/Y
3.8% vs. 4.0%.
Australia Monthly CPI YoY
The RBNZ left the OCR unchanged at 5.5% and dropped
the tightening bias:
RBNZ forecasts:
Sees official cash
rate at 5.59% in June 2024 (prior 5.67%).
Sees official cash
rate at 5.47% in March 2025 (prior 5.56%).
Sees twi nzd at
around 71.5% in March 2025 (prior 70.7%).
Sees annual CPI 2.6%
by March 2025 (prior 2.4%).
Sees official cash
rate at 5.33% in June 2025 (prior 5.42%).
Sees official cash
rate at 3.16% in March 2027.
Statement:
The OCR needs to
remain at a restrictive level for a sustained period.
The New Zealand
economy has evolved broadly as anticipated by the committee.
The committee
remains confident that the current level of the OCR is restricting demand.
Core inflation and
most measures of inflation expectations have declined, and the risks to
the inflation outlook have become more balanced.
However, headline
inflation remains above the 1 to 3 percent target band, limiting the
committee’s ability to tolerate upside inflation surprises.
A sustained decline
in capacity pressures in the New Zealand economy is required to ensure
that headline inflation returns to the 1 to 3 percent target.
With high
immigration and weaker demand growth, capacity constraints in the New
Zealand labour market have eased.
From
the minutes to the meeting:
Ongoing restrictive
monetary policy settings are necessary to guard against the risk of a rise
in inflation expectations.
Capacity pressures
have eased significantly over the past year.
The committee agreed
that interest rates need to remain at a restrictive level for a sustained
period of time.
The committee noted
that aggregate demand is now better matched with the supply capacity of
the economy.
The starting point
for capacity pressures in the New Zealand economy is only slightly lower
than previously assumed.
The committee is
conscious that the economy has limited capacity to absorb further upside
inflation surprises.
Recent drops in core
inflation and business inflation expectations are encouraging, but they
remain above the 2 percent mid-point of the committee’s target band.
RBNZ
Moving on to the Governor Orr’s Press Conference:
Central banks may
have to hold rates higher than markets expect.
New Zealand economy
has evolved ‘broadly’ as expected.
Discussed rate hike,
but strong consensus that rates were sufficient.
Domestic price
pressures are easing as expected.
Comforting to see
inflation expectations decline.
Data has given us
more confidence in the outlook than in November.
We are in a
disinflation period.
Economy faces a
soft-landing scenario.
RBNZ Orr
ECB’s Kazimir (hawk – non voter in March) is clearly
signalling a rate cut in June, all else being equal:
Market’s rate cut
pricing now “more realistic”.
Pleased with recent
shift in expectations.
Headline
disinflation is going quicker than expected but core prices still remain
uncertain.
Prefers June rate
cut, then “smooth and steady cycle of policy easing”.
ECB’s Kazimir
The 2nd reading for the US Q4 2023 GDP
missed slightly expectations with higher figures for consumer spending and
inflation:
US Q4 2023 GDP 3.2%
vs. 3.3% expected.
Details:
Consumer spending 3.0% vs. 2.8% advance.
Consumer spending on
durables 3.2% vs. 4.6% advance.
GDP final sales 3.5%
vs. 3.2% advance.
GDP deflator 1.7% vs. 1.5% advance.
Core PCE 2.1% vs.
2.0% advance.
Business investment 0.9% vs. 2.1% advance.
US GDP
Fed’s Collins (neutral – non voter) echoed her
colleagues in supporting a patient stance as they gather more information:
Repeats it will
likely become appropriate to begin easing policy later this year.
Recent economic data
highlight that progress toward the Fed’s goals could continue to be bumpy.
More time is needed
to discern if the economy is sustainably on the path to price stability
and a healthy labour market.
States the need to
see more evidence that the disinflationary process will continue before
starting to carefully normalize policy.
Expecting all of the
data to speak uniformly is too high a bar; shouldn’t overreact to
individual data readings.
The return to 2%
will likely require demand growing at a more moderate pace this year.
Wants to see
continued evidence that wage growth is not contributing to inflationary
pressures.
In assessing
inflation progress, will look for inflation expectations remaining well
anchored and an orderly moderation in labour demand.
Wants to see
continued declines in housing inflation and non-shelter services
inflation.
The threat of
inflation remaining above 2% has receded.
I see risks is more
balanced between cutting too early and too late.
We should be taking
time on policy.
We expect we will
see more of a decline in reserves, and will be paying attention to what
point it might be appropriate to revisit QT.
Too early to tell if
we are extracting the right signal from housing inflation data.
Fed’s Collins
Fed’s Williams (neutral – voter) reiterated the
patient approach as the Fed will be guided by the incoming economic data:
Still some ways to
go before hitting the 2% inflation target.
Fully committed to achieving
the Fed’s 2% inflation target.
Will let incoming
economic data determine the monetary policy path.
Sees likely uneven
path back to 2% inflation.
Inflation pressures
have fallen a lot amid broad-based improvement.
Risks to outlook
exist on up and down sides.
Inflation to hit
2%-2.25% this year, 2% in 2025.
Growth at 1.5% this
year, unemployment up to around 4%.
Economy, job market
strong, imbalances waning.
Current 3.7%
unemployment rate around long-term level.
Risks to Fed job,
inflation mandates moving into better balance.
Fed likely to cut
rates later this year.
Will watch data to
drive decision over cutting rates.
Fed has time to take
in data before cutting rates.
Pandemic aftermath
still affecting economy, but optimistic about outlook.
3 interest-rate cuts
in 2024 reasonable for US central bank officials to debate.
Data will drive one
federal cut rates.
Current US economy
is similar to where it was during December policy meeting.
It is unclear what
impact potential US government shutdown would have on economy.
Fed’s Williams
Fed’s Bostic (hawk – voter) repeated the comments from
other members as they all support a patient approach:
There is still work
to do on inflation.
Has not declared
victory just yet.
Is comfortable being
patient on policy.
Will not be a fast march
to 2% inflation.
Fed’s Bostic
ECB’s Nagel (hawk – voter) wants to see wage growth to
moderate before supporting rate cuts:
It would be fatal if
ECB cut rates too early only for inflation to rebound.
ECB needs
confirmation that wage growth is moderating to a level that will let
inflation fall back to target in 2025.
ECB’s Nagel
BoE’s Mann (hawk – voter) blamed consumers for the
slow progress on inflation:
Lack of consumer
discipline complicates policy.
BoE is struggling to
bring inflation back to target because price rises are increasingly driven
by people who are immune to the pressures of higher interest rates.
There is lack of
consumer discipline to rein in business’s pricing power in areas of the
services sector where prices were often sticky.
BoE’s Mann
The Japanese January Industrial Production missed
expectations:
Industrial
Production Y/Y -1.5% vs. -0.7% prior.
Industrial
Production M/M -7.5% vs. -7.3% expected and 1.4% prior.
Japan Industrial Production YoY
The Japanese January Retail Sales came in line with
expectations:
Retail Sales Y/Y
2.3% vs. 2.3% expected and 2.4% prior (revised from 2.1%).
Retail Sales M/M
0.8% vs. -2.9% prior.
Japan Retail Sales YoY
BoJ’s Takata delivered
some hawkish comments that sent the Yen higher across the board:
Momentum is rising
in spring wage talks.
Many companies are
offering higher-than-2023 wage hikes.
Achievement of 2%
inflation target is becoming in sight despite uncertainty of economic
outlook.
Japan’s economy is
in inflection point of changing ‘norm’ that people think wages, prices are
not rising.
Exit measures should
include abandoning yield curve control framework, ending negative rates,
overshoot commitment.
I would call for a
gear shift in policy, but not one that is going backwards.
Moderate recovery
trend intact despite slowdown in capex, consumption.
Monetary policy
needs to remain consistent with the real economy, financial environment.
Have not made up
mind yet on monetary policy decision.
Wage hikes are
broadening stronger than last year.
Need to watch outcome
of spring wage talks after mid-March.
Not thinking of
raising rates one after another.
Don’t want to single
out any policy step in mentioning “nimble responses”.
Gradual steps will
be needed amid mixed circumstances surrounding smaller firms.
We need to keep some
easing measures to some extent.
But important for
exit strategy to not be too complicating.
BoJ’s Takata
The Switzerland Q4 2023
GDP beat expectations:
Q4 2023 GDP Q/Q 0.3% vs.
0.1% expected and 0.3% prior.
Switzerland GDP
The US Jobless Claims
missed expectations:
Initial Claims 215K
vs. 210K expected and 202K prior (revised from 201K).
Continuing Claims
1905K vs. 1874K expected and 1860K prior (revised from 1862K).
US Jobless Claims
The US January PCE came
in line with expectations:
PCE Y/Y 2.4% vs.
2.4% expected and 2.6% prior.
PCE M/M 0.3% vs.
0.3% expected and 0.1% prior.
Core PCE Y/Y 2.8%
vs. 2.8% expected and 2.9% prior.
Core PCE M/M 0.4%
vs. 0.4% expected and 0.1% prior (revised from 0.2%).
Consumer
spending and consumer income for January:
Personal income 1.0%
versus 0.4%. Prior month 0.3%.
Personal spending
0.2% versus 0.2% expected. Prior month 0.7%
Real personal
spending -0.1% vs 0.6% last month revised from 0.5%).
US Core PCE YoY
The Canadian Q4 2023 GDP
beat expectations:
Q4 GDP Q/Q 0.3% vs. -0.1%
prior (revised from -0.3%).
Annualised GDP Q/Q
1.0% vs. 0.8% expected and -0.5% prior (revised from -1.1%).
December GDP M/M
0.0% vs. 0.2% expected and 0.2% prior.
Canada GDP
Fed’s Goolsbee (dove –
non voter) continues to see progress in disinflation:
We’ve had very
substantial progress over a long-term basis on inflation.
Even with January
PCE data showing a month of rebound, should be careful to extrapolate.
There is element of
truth that disinflation of 2023 was supply chain repair.
Should be careful
with the argument that supply change is now fixed.
Should not expect
more benefit in 2024.
Impact on supply
shock on inflation takes time.
Suggests benefits of
supply chain disinflation are still to come.
Lags on supply shock
from labour on inflation are probably long.
As of labour supply
shocks probably have a longer lasting effect on inflation then supply
chain shocks.
If substantial
productivity growth continues, that would have an impact on monetary
policy.
What I’m watching
the most is why hasn’t housing inflation improved more than it has.
There is a risk of
betting against the Fed being committed on doing what it says.
Rates are pretty restrictive.
I still think the
question is how long we want to remain in this restrictive.
External shocks are
the things I worry about most.
2023 was a golden year.
If golden path is to
continue in 2024, would rely on lagged effect of the past positive supply
shocks.
If you stay quite
restrictive, you will eventually have to think about impact to employment.
Fed’s Goolsbee
Fed’s Bostic (hawk –
voter)
Inflation came down
much faster than expected.
The last inflation
number shows that inflation’s decline will be a bumpy one.
Fed must stay
vigilant and intensive.
Over the long arc inflation
is still coming down.
It is probably
appropriate to reduce the fed funds policy rate in the summertime.
Economic data will
be the guide for the Fed on when rate cards are made.
Degree of risk
exposure in the nonbanking sector worries me.
Calls the US banking
sector sound and strong.
Range of risks that
has to think about has become more complex.
Geopolitical risks
are currently high.
I expect things are
going to be bumpy on inflation.
It is useful to use
a range of different approaches to assess inflation.
Fed’s Bostic
Fed’s Daly (neutral –
voter) repeated that the current policy stance is appropriate:
Fed policy is in a
good place.
Fed can cut rates if
needed.
The Fed wants to
avoid holding rates all the way to 2% inflation.
There is no imminent
risk of the economy faltering.
If Fed were to cut
too quickly, inflation can get stuck.
Risks of persistent
inflation and economic downturn are even.
Fed’s Daly
Fed’s Mester (hawk –
voter) continues to support the patient stance guided by incoming economic
data:
January PCE data was
not too surprising.
January PCE reading
does not change view that inflation is going downward.
There is a little
more work for the Fed to do on inflation.
It’s all about risk
management until we get to 2% inflation goal.
Monetary policy is
restrictive, demand should cool.
We can’t rely on
pace of disinflation last year to continue this year.
Demand will
moderate, growth this year will not be as strong as last year.
Does not want to
focus on timing of the rate cut but the data.
Expects some
slowdown in employment growth.
That slowing in
employment growth is what we need to see to ease policy.
We do need to be
more confident that inflation is on that downward path.
Baseline is we will
see moderation in the labour market, but it will still healthy.
Need to see
continued disinflation.
Baseline forecast of
three rate cuts still seems about right.
Economy and monetary
policy is in a good spot.
Fed’s Mester
BoJ’s Ueda basically
retracted what Takata said yesterday as he cast doubt on the achievement of the
2% target and wasn’t upbeat on wage negotiations:
The recent recession
in Japan follows previous strong quarters.
Japan’s economy will
continue recovering gradually.
Japan firms’ capex
plan is strong, which likely to be implemented eventually.
Japan’s economy not
yet in situation where sustained achievement of 2% inflation can be
foreseen.
In judging whether
sustained achievement of 2% inflation target can be foreseen, this
year’s annual wage negotiation outcome is key.
Compared with when
we announced our January report, labour unions have demanded wage growth
higher than last year, big firms seem keen to hike wages.
Want to look at
collective outcome of wage talks, as well as hearings we conduct on firms.
BoJ Governor Ueda
RBNZ Hawkesby reaffirmed
the central bank patient stance:
Restrictive policy
needed to ensure inflation expectations anchor at 2%.
Policy is going to
stay restrictive for some time yet.
Policy will need to
stay restrictive even when the output gap is negative.
We think the output
gap now is around zero, if not a bit negative.
We don’t have a lot
of room to manoeuvre when it comes to future inflation shocks.
We are on the right
path with inflation, have to hold our course.
Not in a mindset to
cut rates now, will be cutting sometime down the track.
RBNZ Hawkesby
The Japanese Unemployment
Rate came in line with expectations:
Unemployment rate
2.4% vs. 2.4% expected and 2.4% prior.
Japan Unemployment Rate
RBNZ Governor Orr
reaffirmed the central bank’s patient stance:
Economy is evolving
as anticipated.
Inflation expectations have fallen.
Inflation is still
too high but is falling.
Monetary policy
needs to stay restrictive for some time.
Expect to begin
normalising policy in 2025.
Expect economic
growth to begin picking up in 2024.
RBNZ Governor Orr
Fed’s Williams (neutral –
voter) reiterated that he sees progress on inflation and rate cuts this year:
Says 2023 was an
amazing year for the economy.
Current business
cycle is not a normal one.
Much of what
happened in the economy is a reversal of the pandemic hit.
The resilience of
the US economy is remarkable.
The Federal Reserve
is dealing a strong economy, adding lots of jobs.
Wants inflation back
to 2% and sees progress on that.
I do expect us to
cut interest rates later this year.
Doesn’t see sense of
urgency to cut rates.
Rate hike is not
part of base case.
Current outlook
doesn’t suggest another hike is needed.
Fed’s Williams
The Chinese February PMIs
showed Manufacturing remaining in contraction and Services improving further:
Manufacturing PMI
49.1 vs. 49.1 expected and 49.2 prior.
Services PMI 51.4
vs. 50.9 expected and 50.7 prior.
China Manufacturing PMI
The Chinese February Caixin
Manufacturing PMI beat expectations:
Caixin Manufacturing
PMI 50.9 vs. 50.6 expected and 50.8 prior.
Caixin PMI summary:
Production and new
orders grew faster in February.
New export business
expanded for the second consecutive month due to an improvement in
underlying global demand conditions.
Inventories of
purchased items increased at the fastest pace since late-2020.
Stocks of finished
items fell for the first time since June last year.
Employment fell for
the sixth successive month.
Factory gate prices
down for the second month, with the rate of discounting being the quickest
since July 2023.
China Caixin Manufacturing PMI
The Switzerland February
Manufacturing PMI missed expectations:
Manufacturing PMI 44.0
vs. 44.4 expected and 43.1 prior.
Switzerland Manufacturing PMI
The Eurozone February CPI
beat expectations:
CPI Y/Y 2.6% vs.
2.5% expected and 2.8% prior.
Core CPI Y/Y 3.1% vs.
2.9% expected and 3.3% prior.
Eurozone Core CPI YoY
The Eurozone Unemployment
Rate remained unchanged at 6.4%.
Eurozone Unemployment Rate
Fed’s Barkin (hawk –
voter) seems to be getting a bit uncomfortable as he even questioned rate cuts
this year:
Yesterday was a high
inflation report.
We’re still a world
of prices increasing at higher levels.
Says he tried to not
take too much out of January economic figures in general.
PCE data yesterday
is consistent with the story he is hearing with regards to services
inflation.
Inflation is coming
down, but we have to see how much more has to happen to get it to 2%.
I am not in a hurry
to cut rates.
I still see wage and
inflation pressures.
We’ll see if there
are rate cuts this year.
It all depends on
progress on inflation.
Economy will tell us
what to do on policy.
Fed’s Barkin
BoE’s Pill (neutral –
voter) stressed that even if they cut monetary policy will remain restrictive:
My baseline is that
the time for cutting rates is some ways off.
I need to see more
compelling evidence that the underlying persistent component of UK CPI
inflation is being squeezed down.
Maintaining
restrictiveness does not necessarily mean leaving bank rate unchanged.
Real interest rates
will rise as inflation and short-term inflation expectations ease.
Monetary policy
stance remains restrictive even after a cut.
BoE’s Pill
The Canadian
Manufacturing PMI improved further in February:
Manufacturing PMI 49.7
vs. 48.3 prior.
Canada Manufacturing PMI
The US February ISM
Manufacturing PMI surprisingly missed expectations:
ISM Manufacturing
PMI 47.8 vs. 49.5 expected and 49.1 prior.
Details:
Prices paid 52.5 vs. 52.9 prior.
Employment 45.9 vs. 47.1 prior.
New orders 49.2 vs. 52.5 prior.
Inventories 45.3 vs. 46.2 prior.
Production 48.4 vs. 50.4 prior.
US ISM Manufacturing PMI
The
highlights for next week will be:
Monday: Switzerland CPI.
Tuesday: Tokyo CPI, China Caixin
Services PMI, Eurozone PPI, US ISM Services PMI.
Wednesday: Australia GDP, Eurozone
Retail Sales, US ADP, BoC Policy Decision, US Job Openings, Fed Chair Powell
Testimony.
Thursday: Japan Wage data,
Switzerland Unemployment Rate, ECB Policy Decision, US Jobless Claims, Fed
Chair Powell Testimony.
During the week leading up to February 28, U.S. investors significantly increased their investments in money market funds, anticipating important inflation data and amid ongoing uncertainty about potential interest rate reductions. According to data from LSEG, there was a net investment of $42.54 billion into U.S. money market funds, marking the highest weekly net inflow since January 3.
The anticipation was exceptionally high before the release of the core personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index data, a crucial inflation measure closely monitored by the U.S. Federal Reserve.
The data, released on Thursday, revealed that the yearly inflation growth rate was the lowest it had been in almost three years, providing some relief to investors who had been nervous following recent consumer and producer price indices that came in above expectations.
In the same period, U.S. equity funds saw inflows of $196 million, a notable recovery from the $4.89 billion net outflow recorded in the previous week. This change in sentiment was primarily attributed to optimistic earnings forecasts from Nvidia (NVDA.O), which contributed to the improved outlook.
The technology sector, in particular, benefited from this shift, receiving $520 million in inflows, bouncing back from outflows the week before. The consumer discretionary and metals & mining sectors also attracted significant investor interest, with inflows of $262 million and $236 million, respectively.
Investment trends showed a marked preference for U.S. growth funds, which attracted $613 million in inflows, reversing a $3.57 billion outflow from the prior week. Conversely, value funds experienced their second consecutive week of net outflows, totalling $449 million.
U.S. bond funds continued to appeal to investors for the tenth straight week, attracting $1.88 billion in net inflows. U.S. short/intermediate investment-grade funds stood out among these, drawing $2.59 billion—the largest amount in three weeks.
However, high yield and short/intermediate government & treasury funds faced net sell-offs, amounting to $450 million and $267 million, respectively.
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HARARE (Reuters) – Zimbabwe needs to make its fiscal and monetary policy more predictable to instil confidence in its depreciating currency, a senior World Bank official said on Friday.
It could make progress by moving away from the central bank’s “quasi-fiscal operations”, Victoria Kwakwa, the World Bank’s Regional Vice President for Eastern and Southern Africa, told Reuters in an interview.
She did not spell out what those operations were, but the International Monetary Fund said last month the central bank should reduce its non-core activities, which have included printing money and borrowing to lend to the government.
The Zimbabwean dollar has lost more than 60% of its value against the U.S. dollar so far this year while annual inflation is at 47.6%, in a country still scarred by memories of hyperinflation under longtime former leader Robert Mugabe.
“That’s at the heart of the problem, the fact that there hasn’t been confidence,” Kwakwa said.
“And every time people get (the currency), they try to get rid of it to get something else and so it’s constantly losing value.”
The local currency was relaunched in 2019 after a decade of dollarisation, but it rapidly lost value and authorities reauthorised the use of foreign currencies in domestic transactions soon after.
The central bank and finance ministry said last month they were working on measures to stabilise the currency, and were considering linking the exchange rate to the price of gold among other possible measures.
“Policy predictability… the improvements that are being made moving away from quasi-fiscal operations, all of that will contribute to building greater confidence,” Kwakwa said.
The World Bank is “committed” to a process that has been going on since 2022 for Zimbabwe to clear billions of dollars of debt arrears to it and other international lenders, she said.
Meanwhile, Kwakwa said she was “delighted” that China and India had signed debt restructuring agreements with Zambia, the announcement of which by the country’s President last week sparked hopes that it could be close to ending its more-than-three year default.
“With the official creditors out of the way, the government has a chance now to focus more on getting agreement with the commercial creditors. And we hope that that will also be in the offing soon,” she said.
Welcome to March trading. If you haven’t read my March seasonals package yet, check it out.
As the calendar turns over, the yen is giving back all of Thursday’s gain while the rest of the FX market is still and oil is on a bit of a run.
There is no early US data today but we have plenty to come on the economic calendar, including more Fedspeak.
The data focus of the day is US manufacturing with the S&P Global PMI at 9:45 am ET followed by the ISM manufacturing report 15 minutes later. At the same time, we also get US Jan construction spending and the UMich final Feb consumer sentiment report.
For Canada, the S&P Global manufacturing report is due at 9:30 am ET.